Comprehensive infertility chapter for medical education covering male & female causes, diagnostic workup, treatment protocols, and step-by-step IVF procedures. Includes detailed definitions, testicular biopsy results, medication dosing, and evidence-based guidelines for reproductive medicine students and practicing physicians.

Comprehensive dysmenorrhea chapter for medical students and healthcare professionals. Learn primary vs secondary causes, diagnostic workup, evidence-based treatments, and medication protocols. Includes clinical presentation, physical examination techniques, differential diagnosis, and patient management strategies for painful menstruation.